Peru holds a distinction most trackers miss: it enacted the region's first AI law, Law No. 31814, in July 2023. The statute is promotional in character, but its implementing regulation, published in September 2025 and in force from January 2026, added real structure: a three-tier risk framework, prohibited practices including unauthorized mass surveillance and predictive policing, human-oversight duties for high-risk uses, sandboxes, and phased sector timelines running one to four years.
Key points
- Law 31814 (July 5, 2023) promotes AI for economic and social development on principles including security and human rights.
- The implementing regulation entered into force in January 2026, ninety business days after publication.
- Prohibited practices include mass surveillance without a legal basis, crime prediction against individuals, and autonomous lethal systems.
- High-risk uses require human oversight by trained personnel authorized to halt or correct decisions.
- Phased sector implementation: health, education, justice, security, and finance within one year; transport, commerce, and labor in two; production, agriculture, energy, and mining in three; others in four; small enterprises get two to three.
Laws and instruments
Law promoting the use of Artificial Intelligence
Law No. 31814
Peru's framework AI law: principles for ethical, sustainable, and responsible use, prioritizing human rights within the national digital transformation.
Effective: July 5, 2023
Implementing Regulation of Law 31814
Supreme decree, published September 9, 2025
Adds the operative structure: three-tier risk classification, prohibited practices, human oversight for high-risk uses, registration and traceability with three-year retention for impact assessments, sandboxes, and phased sector timelines.
Effective: January 2026 (90 business days after publication)
Timeline
- July 5, 2023
Law 31814 enacted, the first AI law in Latin America.
- September 9, 2025
Implementing regulation published with risk tiers and prohibitions.
- January 2026
Regulation in force; phased sector clocks begin.
- January 2027
First sector wave (health, education, justice, security, finance) reaches its one-year compliance mark.
Who it applies to
Public and private AI development and use in Peru, phased by sector and entity size, coordinated by the Secretariat for Government and Digital Transformation with INDECOPI and the data protection authority.
Penalties
Enforcement through existing consumer protection, competition, and data protection regimes coordinated under the regulation, rather than a standalone AI fine schedule.
Recent developments
Peru's AI regulation enters into force with prohibitions and phased sector deadlines
The implementing regulation of Law 31814 took effect ninety business days after its September publication, adding a three-tier risk framework, prohibitions on unauthorized mass surveillance and predictive policing, human-oversight duties, sandboxes, and sector compliance clocks running one to four years.
Common questions
Does Peru have a comprehensive AI law?
Peru has a dedicated AI regime. Peru holds a distinction most trackers miss: it enacted the region's first AI law, Law No. 31814, in July 2023. The statute is promotional in character, but its implementing regulation, published in September 2025 and in force from January 2026, added real structure: a three-tier risk framework, prohibited practices including unauthorized mass surveillance and predictive policing, human-oversight duties for high-risk uses, sandboxes, and phased sector timelines running one to four years.
What are the penalties for AI violations in Peru?
Enforcement through existing consumer protection, competition, and data protection regimes coordinated under the regulation, rather than a standalone AI fine schedule.
Who does AI regulation in Peru apply to?
Public and private AI development and use in Peru, phased by sector and entity size, coordinated by the Secretariat for Government and Digital Transformation with INDECOPI and the data protection authority.
Cite this page
Artificial Intelligence Regulations, "AI Regulation in Peru," reviewed July 16, 2026, https://artificialintelligenceregulations.com/jurisdictions/peru.html.
Entries state the position as of the review date and link to the primary text for verification.
