Brazil
Brazil is advancing a comprehensive, EU-style risk-based AI bill, PL 2338/2023. The Federal Senate approved a substitute text in December 2024 and sent it to the Chamber of Deputies, where it continues through committee review. The bill would ban 'excessive risk' systems, impose duties on high-risk systems, and set civil-liability rules. Separately, existing data-protection law already gives people a right to review significant automated decisions, and narrower AI rules already apply to election campaigns and to AI-generated child sexual abuse material.
Key points
- PL 2338/2023 was approved by the Federal Senate on December 10, 2024 and moved to the Chamber of Deputies.
- It mirrors the EU's risk-based structure, including prohibited and high-risk tiers.
- It has not been enacted as of October 2026, and the rapporteur has said the committee vote will come after the October 2026 elections.
- Brazil's data-protection law (LGPD) already provides review rights for automated decisions.
- Election rules require labels on AI-made campaign content, and a 2026 law makes AI-simulated child sexual abuse material a crime.
Laws and instruments
AI Bill (Marco Legal da IA)
A comprehensive framework banning excessive-risk systems, imposing governance duties on high-risk systems, and establishing rights and civil liability. Under review in the Chamber of Deputies.
Electoral rules on AI in campaign content
The Superior Electoral Court's rules for the 2026 elections require campaign content made or altered with AI to carry a clear label and ban deepfakes in campaign propaganda. New synthetic content depicting candidates is barred in the 72 hours before and 24 hours after voting, and AI systems offered by platforms may not recommend or rank candidates.
Law 15.487/2026 (AI-generated child sexual abuse material)
Amends the Statute of Children and Adolescents to make it a crime to simulate a child's participation in sexual content, including with AI, and to cover material produced, manipulated, or generated with AI. Penalties rise when offenders use AI, deepfakes, or filters to pose as a child.
Law 15.123/2025 (AI-enabled psychological violence against women)
Amends Article 147-B of the Penal Code so the penalty for psychological violence against women rises by half when the crime uses AI or other technology that alters the victim's image or voice.
Timeline
- 2023PL 2338/2023 introduced.
- December 10, 2024Senate approves a substitute text.
- April 24, 2025Law 15.123 raises penalties for psychological violence against women committed with AI.
- May 20, 2025The Chamber of Deputies special committee names a rapporteur for PL 2338/2023.
- March 2, 2026The Superior Electoral Court adopts Resolution 23.755, updating AI rules for the 2026 elections.
- March 19, 2026The government's AI governance bill, PL 6237/2025, is attached to PL 2338/2023 in the Chamber.
- August 6, 2026Law 15.487 makes AI-simulated child sexual abuse material a crime.
- August 24, 2026The rapporteur says the committee vote will come after the October 2026 elections.
Who it applies to
As drafted, developers and deployers of AI systems offered or used in Brazil, with tiered duties by risk level. Election rules on AI already bind candidates, parties, and platforms.
Penalties
The bill proposes administrative penalties and a civil-liability regime; specifics depend on the final enacted text. Criminal law already punishes AI-simulated child sexual abuse material and raises penalties for psychological violence against women committed with AI.
Common questions
Does Brazil have a comprehensive AI law?
What are the penalties for AI violations in Brazil?
Who does AI regulation in Brazil apply to?
Artificial Intelligence Regulations, "AI Regulation in Brazil," reviewed October 26, 2026, https://artificialintelligenceregulations.com/jurisdictions/brazil.html.
Entries state the position as of the review date and link to the primary text for verification.